![]() He had been a scuba diving instructor when younger.” Natalia stated Anthony was a confident, strong swimmer. He looked after his health, was on no prescription medication and had no known health conditions. “Anthony was described as fit and healthy. Perhaps trying to provide context for the reasons behind Clausen’s breath-holding tests of endurance, Coroner Mills heard that: “Natalia stated that Anthony was always trying to better himself and to do better at everything in life.” ![]() “Repetitive breath-holding, however, increases risk of shallow water drowning, as does hyperventilating prior to entering the water.” “Unlike a ‘regular drowning’ where there can be six to eight minutes before brain damage and death, there is only about two and a half minutes before brain damage occurs, then death, as the brain has already been oxygen-deprived. Shallow water blackout often occurs without any warning and, without an immediate rescue, the swimmer very quickly drowns,” Coroner Mills said. “It is brought on by holding your breath for a long period of time. By exhaling as much as possible before entering the water the desire to inhale while under the water is diminished. The science behind the “blow off” technique is that carbon dioxide is a gas which drives a person’s respiration. Because of this, safety is critical in both training and competition.” “Pressures on the body in deep water freediving can reach more than 10 times that at the surface and competitive divers push their bodies to their limits and sometimes beyond. The Freediving New Zealand website describes the activity as an “exhilarating but potentially dangerous sport”. At a basic level, it is simply diving without the use of a breathing apparatus. The practice of freediving takes various forms, and is engaged in competitively. ![]() There is a technique experienced free divers use to hyperventilate prior to submerging which “blows off” excess carbon dioxide from the lungs. It was open only to Prestige on Pupuke residents. Alone, Ant went down to the 10m-by-5m pool, which was 2m deep at its deepest point, to practise.
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